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Mid Century New York

When one speaks about the historic buildings of New York City, images of the stately brick rowhouses of Brooklyn, the cast-iron office buildings of SoHo, and the elaborate mansions of 5th Avenue come to mind. But the interesting architecture of the city is not limited to buildings constructed before 1900 in a classical style. Buildings built in the modern styles in the middle of the 20th century dot the streetscape and range from tall office buildings, to transportation structures, to private residences. These Mid-Century Modern buildings with their unique shapes, unusual massing, and uncommon materials (at least uncommon compared to architecture that came before) stand out from the earlier masonry buildings and the contemporary glassy structures that surround them.

ByMuseum of the City of New York logoMuseum of the City of New York
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Metropolitan Opera House at Lincoln Center icon

Metropolitan Opera House at Lincoln Center

Designed by Wallace K. Harrison and opened in 1966, the distinctive facade of the opera house is rendered in a white limestone, and its main entrance (seen here) includes five concrete arches and a stylish glass and bronze facade. Visible though the large glass front, the lobby is decorated with two massive murals by Marc Chagall.
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TWA Terminal icon

TWA Terminal

Arguably the most famous mid century building in the entire city, the TWA building was designed by famed modernist architect Eero Saarinen and completed between 1956 and 1962. Constructed out of white concrete, the swooping lines of the facade are suggestive of the movement of fight. The interior of the building continues with the curved design. The building largely stood empty after 2001, with many possible reuses suggested, including making the building into a conference center, an aviation museum, or a restaurant.
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Breuer Building icon

Breuer Building

Designed in the Brutalist style by Marcel Breuer in 1966, the building was the third location for the Whitney Museum of American Art. The building, with gray granite and reverse ziggurat facade, was (and still is) a stark contrast to the surrounding 19th century brownstones, brick row houses, and postwar apartment buildings.
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Leon Lowenstein Academic Building icon

Leon Lowenstein Academic Building

This 14-story Modernist building was constructed as the second building of the Fordham University Lincoln Center campus in 1969. The facade is raw concrete and the repeated rectangular windows give the building a utilitarian look, disparaged by one modern writer as, " look\[ing] like a prison or socialist government building...uninviting, boring and generally ugly eye sore."
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Guggenheim Museum icon

Guggenheim Museum

Frank Loyd Wright was hired to design this museum in 1943, but it took more than 16 years, 700 sketches, and six sets of working drawings to complete, with many compromises from Wright's original intentions. The museum opened in October of 1959, six months after Wright's death and was met with contradictory reviews. In the nearly 60 years since the museum opened, the Guggenheim had become one of the most recognizable museum buildings in the world and an icon of modernist architecture.
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Maritime Hotel icon

Maritime Hotel

This eye-catching buildings has, at various times been described as looking like a pizza box as well as a cruise ship. Designed by New Orleans architect Albert Lerner, this nautically themed building was one of three structures built for the National Maritime Union in the late 1960s.
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Seagram Building icon

Seagram Building

Designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, this 1958 skyscraper is considered an icon of modernism with a simple, straightforward design of glass and metal highlighting the underlying shape of the structure, without added ornamentation.
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Ford Foundation icon

Ford Foundation

Designed by the architecture firm of Kevin Roche John Dinkeloo and Associates (both former principles at Eero Saarinen and Associates), this International style building was completed in 1968. The most striking feature of the design is the interior garden within a greenhouse-like atrium. Visible through the glass facade, the large open space and lush vegetation were designed to create transparency and an interactive experience for the building's occupants and visitors.
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Fort Hamilton VA Hospital icon

Fort Hamilton VA Hospital

Designed in 1950 by Gordon Bunshaft of Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, one of the preeminent modernist architects.
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