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Rosario Candela's Elegance in the Sky

Rosario Candela played a major role in shaping the architectural legacy of 20th-century Manhattan. Candela's elegant yet understated high rises created the look of New York urbanism between the world wars. This walking tour takes you through some of Candela's iconic buildings on the Upper East Side.

ByMuseum of the City of New York logoMuseum of the City of New York
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13 stops•4.1km•49 min
1 Sutton Place South icon

1 Sutton Place South

There could be few better places to start this tour than 1 Sutton Place South. Designed for the Phipps Family, Candela created luxurious apartments able to house both the families of the wealthy and the servants required to maintain them.
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834 Fifth Avenue icon

834 Fifth Avenue

Because Margaret V. Haggin, owner of the house on the corner of 64th Street and Fifth Avenue, refused to sell it to developer Anthony Campagna, Candela originally designed 834 Fifth Avenue as just a mid-block apartment building replacing a row of existing residences. During construction, however, she changed her mind, and the building was redesigned to encompass the corner. Haggin stayed on the site of her former home, occupying a duplex in the new building.
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856 Fifth Avenue icon

856 Fifth Avenue

With its smooth stone facades and flush windows rising above a three-story rusticated base, 856 Fifth Avenue was one of Candela's most elegantly severe designs. The building initally comprised nine single-floor apartments, two two-story maisonettes, and a penthouse duplex of 18 rooms. Interior decorator and style maven Dorothy Draper served as consultant on the building's plans and decorations.
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856 Fifth Avenue icon

856 Fifth Avenue

Like many of Candela's buildings, 856 Fifth Avenue was built on the sites of the mansions that came before it, including Judge Elbert H. Gary's mansion and some adjacent buildings were torn down to build Candela's 856 Fifth Avenue. The Gary mansion had stood on the site for only 15 years. Gary's widow moved into 856 Fifth upon its completion in 1928.
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720 Park Avenue icon

720 Park Avenue

Completed one month before the stock market crash of 1929, 720 Park Avenue represented the opulent excesses of the Jazz Age's giddy conclusion. Disparagingly dubbed "a disturbing pile" by the New Yorker, the building featured assymetrical massing of bay windows, terraces, and chimneys, among other architectural motifs. Jesse Isidor Straus, of the family that led R.H. Macy's department store, owned a duplex with a 40-foot entrance gallery and a large library. He had bought the land on which the structure sat and built the building because other high-end properties restricted Jews from living there.
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740 Park Avenue icon

740 Park Avenue

740 Park Avenue combined the efforts of Candela, who most likely focused on apartment planning, and Arthur Loomis Harmon, who probably styled its sleek exterior. (In a similar streamline moderne style, Harmon's firm, Shreve, Lamb & Harmon, designed the Empire State Building, which was under construction when 740 Park was completed.) Setting back above the 12th floor on the building's Park Avenue side, 740 featured a distinctive two-story base of corrugated stone, a body decorated with shallow pilasters, and stainless-steel doorways with elaborate geometric decoration. The building originally contained 30 apartments and its first tenants included builder James T. Lee, whose house had stood on the site. Lee's granddaugher, Jacqueline Bouvier—later Kennedy Onassis—spent part of her childhood in the building, and, in 1937 John D. Rockefeller Jr. created a triplex apartment for his family.
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770 Park Avenue icon

770 Park Avenue

Primarily made up of duplexes, this apartment building matched the exuberant assymetrical massing of its Candela-designed neighbor across 73rd Street. Together, they demonstrate Candela's capacity to use similar materials, window treatments, and ornamentation to create buildings that sychronize with each other to create a harmonious urbanism, without being monotonous.
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778 Park Avenue icon

778 Park Avenue

Candela designed 780 Park Avenue before the stock market crash of 1929, but construction came to a halt in the summer of 1930 due to the worsening depression. When construction resumed in 1931, its new developers changed the address to 778 Park Avenue to eliminate the odor of its former failure.
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19 East 72nd Street icon

19 East 72nd Street

Replacing the ornate home of Charles Lewis Tiffany at the corner of Madison Avenue and 72nd Street, 19 East 72nd Street was one of the few apartment buildings Candela completed during the Great Depression. Stripped down to simple, stone surfaces with minimal ornamentation, the structure showed the rising influence of Modernism on American architecture and design. The curved profile of the building's lower three floors copied the Austrian Pavilion that Viennese architect and designer Josef Hoffmann had designed for the 1925 Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes in Paris.
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955 Fifth Avenue icon

955 Fifth Avenue

This handsome, mid-block co-operative apartment building at 955 Fifth Avenue between 76th and 77th Street was built in 1938 and designed by Rosario Candela. With a one-story, rusticated limestone entrance beneath three stories of broadly fluted limestone, it's symmetrical setbacks are representative of Candela's style.
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960 Fifth Avenue icon

960 Fifth Avenue

960 Fifth Avenue is one of Candela's most complex projects-"literally," according to The New York Times, "12 mansions built one on top another." Although the corner building appears to be one large volume, it actually comprises two sections, each defined by subtle variations in decorative details. One section, with the Fifth Avenue address, features a mixture of duplex and simplex units sold as co-operatives. The most expensive apartment, a duplex that contained a double-height, 58-foot living room, sold for the then-record price of $450,000, or about $6.5 million today. The building's second section, with a separate entrance at 3 East 77th Street, was made up of smaller apartments, intially rental but now a co-op.
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995 Fifth Avenue icon

995 Fifth Avenue

Though now a residential cooperative, 995 Fifth Avenue began its life as the Stanhope Apartment Hotel. As its architect, Rosario Candela crafted an elegant Georgian facade for the building and was instrumental in the design of the graceful apartment layouts that would ensure the Stanhope's success. Though the ownership of the building was transferred multiple times, The Stanhope quickly acquired a reputation of luxury that remains to this day.
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133 East 80th Street  icon

133 East 80th Street

Designed in 1929 for the developer Moses Ginsburg, 133 East 80th Street's location allowed Candela to flirt with a romantic design as evidenced through his creative use of limestone and the inventiveness of the buildings tower.
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